In this presentation, speaker Dr. Weisgold (Boston) starts with a comprehensive view on the histology of soft and hard tissue and explains what factors influence the shape and existence of the interproximal papillae. He takes a very interesting view on the shape of the tooth and states that the papilla rests in the interproximal concavity of the tooth. To have an ideal aesthetic result 8 factors are named, which, if they are achieved promise an ideal outcome.

An intensive look is taken into the literature, with not only citing implant success rates, but also failure of their respective restorations. After an interesting view on tooth and face shapes he referees on the histological complex of the coronal gingiva and the implications of losing the buccal bundle bone after extraction, which cannot be prevented by immediate implant placement. The last part of this lecture is dedicated to sensitise the dentists for different papillae types, scalloped tissue and how to avoid pitfalls along the way of restoring teeth with implant supported restorations.